Dictionary of defects

Core rupture

Failure of electric conductivity due to broken copper wires as a result of subjecting the individual cores to mechanical overload/ tensile load under constant bending stress. In most cases, the causes are incorrect litz wires and/or incorrect stranding pitch directions and lengths.

Insulation damage

Short circuits due to damage to the insulation above the conductor. The cause can be material fatigue under constant bending stress or material abrasion within the stranded structure. Single-wire breakage of the conductor or the shield braid result in perforation of the insulation.

Corkscrew

An externally detectable screw-like deformation of the entire cable due to broken copper wires as the result of subjecting the individual cores to mechanical overload/ tensile load during the bending process. In most cases, the causes are unfavorable superstructure properties (stranding in layers, missing center, loose jackets extruded to the form of a "tube") and subjecting the cables to high bending stress.

Jacket abrasion

The jacket is rubbed off down to the stranding or down to the total shield. In most cases, the causes are incorrect selection of materials and/or unfavorable extrusion processes resulting in detrimental surface properties so that abrasion is an unavoidable effect.

Jacket swelling/ jacket breakage

Jacket becomes soft and deformed or breaks until the stranding/shield can be seen. The cause can be the incorrect selection of materials with respect to the oils or other chemical substances being used.

Shielding losses/ EMC problems

Electromagnetic interferences inside or outside an electric cable. In most cases, the cause is shield wire breakage due to mechanical overload with incorrect shield braid angles. Other causes include loose braids over foils without supporting effects or very open coverings.

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